Endovascular treatment of pulmonary artery aneurysm: Single case experience.

A peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is a dilatation involving all 3-vessel wall layers (the intima, media, and adventitia) of a distal pulmonary artery. It represents a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. There are only some reviews of transcatheter embolization of unruptured idiopathic peripheral PAAs. Association with cardiac diseases, infections, vascular anomalies, pulmonary hypertension, and vasculitis has been noted. We report a case of a 38-year-old woman, with a history of third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, treated with pacemaker placement, who presented a PAA in the left pulmonary lobe. Transcatheter coil embolization was performed, using a triple coaxial catheter system (a 6F outer, a 5F intermediate, and a 2.4F inner catheter) to prevent rupture and the aneurysm was successfully embolized. Although there is no consensus on the treatment for unruptured idiopathic peripheral PAAs, transcatheter embolization may be a promising treatment option.

Balloon-assisted, ultrasound-guided percutaneous real-time thrombin injection, for the arteriovenous fistula pseudoaneurysm treatment.

A pseudoaneurysm or false aneurysm is the consequence of a persistent blood leak caused generally by iatrogenic rupture of a vessel wall. The blood leak creates a new cavity delimited by surrounding tissues and allows blood flow to remain in continuity between this cavity and the vessel. In hemodialysis fistula, pseudoaneurysm generally results from repeated puncturing of the vein at the same site, leading to a bulging anatomical defect in the vein. Over the past few years, interventional radiological treatment has evolved and taken the place of surgery, with different kinds of percutaneous and endovascular treatment methods in pseudoaneurysm management. We reported a case report of successful treatment of arteriovenous fistula pseudoaneurysm with no-measurable neck. We performed ultrasound-guided percutaneous direct thrombin injection while an inflated balloon transiently obstructed flow out of the pseudoaneurysm, in order prevent non-target embolization.

Corrigendum to "Rescue of renal function after endovascular revascularization of acute aorto-renal bypass occlusion in a patient with solitary kidney: A case report" [Radiology Case Reports 17 (2022) 2698-2701].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.04.023.].

Rescue of renal function after endovascular revascularization of acute aorto-renal bypass occlusion in a patient with solitary kidney: a case report.

Renal artery occlusion represents an early diagnostic urgency to prevent kidney injury or, even more grave, kidney failure. However, diagnosis is often a challenge due to nonspecific and sporadic symptoms and signs, resulting in misdiagnosis, missed, or delayed diagnosis. The patient ought to be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team to select the best treatment. We describe a 62-year-old man's case study. The patient had a left solitary kidney with an aortorenal artery bypass thrombosis. The renal function resumes 24 hours after the interventional radiology procedure. Based on our experience, revascularization of aortorenal artery bypass thrombosis may save renal function even after long ischemia times of over 24 hours.

Ureteral metastasis from gastric cancer after two years of subtotal gastrectomy: a case report.

True ureteral metastases from gastric cancer are extremely rare. Only a few cases of this condition have been reported. CT is the first-line imaging technique and may aid the diagnosis, even if the definitive diagnosis is histologic. We report a case of a 45-year-old female with a history of gastric cancer who underwent subtotal gastrectomy and presented 2 years later with ureteral metastasis and subsequently renal pelvis metastasis in absence of peritoneal involvement. A biopsy was required to rule out primary urothelial carcinoma and make a well-timed and proper diagnosis. We describe the pathologic and radiological features of this case, followed by a brief review of the literature included in the discussion.

Stenting of the superior vena cava and right pulmonary artery in a woman with a mediastinal mass and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

We report the case of a woman with a mass in the anterior and middle mediastinum (a non-small-cell lung carcinoma), determining significant compression of both superior vena cava and right pulmonary artery. The patient developed acute respiratory distress syndrome , necessitating intubation and admission to the Intensive Care Unit . Radiotherapy sessions to reduce the mass effect were attempted, without significant clinical improvement. Due to the persistence of severe hypoxemia, stenting of the superior vena cava and the right pulmonary artery was performed, the latter resulting in a significant improvement of the arterial blood gas parameters, allowing extubation of the patient. In our opinion, stenting of the superior vena cava and the pulmonary artery (or its branches) is an effective and safe treatment; it should be considered in similar cases, especially if other - less invasive - treatments fail.

Clinical and radiological features of extra-pulmonary sarcoidosis: a pictorial essay.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this manuscript is to describe radiological findings of extra-pulmonary sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated systemic disease of unknown origin, characterized by non-caseating epitheliod granulomas. Ninety percent of patients show granulomas located in the lungs or in the related lymph nodes. However, lesions can affect any organ. Typical imaging features of liver and spleen sarcoidosis include visceromegaly, with multiple nodules hypodense on CT images and hypointense on T2-weighted MRI acquisitions. Main clinical and radiological manifestations of renal sarcoidosis are nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and acute interstitial nephritis. Brain sarcoidosis shows multiple or solitary parenchymal nodules on MRI that enhance with a ring-like appearance after gadolinium. In spinal cord localization, MRI demonstrates enlargement and hyperintensity of spinal cord, with hypointense lesions on T2-weighted images. Skeletal involvement is mostly located in small bone, showing many lytic lesions; less frequently, bone lesions have a sclerotic appearance. Ocular involvement includes uveitis, conjunctivitis, optical nerve disease, chorioretinis. Erythema nodosum and lupus pernio represent the most common cutaneous manifestations encountered. Sarcoidosis in various organs can be very insidious for radiologists, showing different imaging features, often non-specific. Awareness of these imaging features helps radiologists to obtain the correct diagnosis. TEACHING POINTS: • Systemic sarcoidosis can exhibit abdominal, neural, skeletal, ocular, and cutaneous manifestations. • T2 signal intensity of hepatosplenic nodules may reflect the disease activity. • Heerfordt's syndrome includes facial nerve palsy, fever, parotid swelling, and uveitis. • In the vertebrae, osteolytic and/or diffuse sclerotic lesions can be found. • Erythema nodosum and lupus pernio represent the most common cutaneous manifestations.